MEST 2: Notes

Task: Produce the opening few scenes of your TV programme establishing narrative themes, characters and location. You could include a title sequence and your finished product should be approximately two minutes long.

Media Language/Forms

As a group we need to include media language and be able to show how it influences the meaning of the film production we are creating. This would be done by using media language that will imitate our media form. This will come from us researching existing programmes and analysing the conventions. We have to continuously consider genre and keep analysing diverse series as it will develop and enhance our idea, also we would be able to have more knowledge into setting the 'appropriate media language'. 

Audience

Have to look at how to identify our target audience and how they would engage, and how it would appeal and address to them correctly. We can again look at diverse range of teen-drama's to and research more about the socio-demographics to understand fully what type of audience it addresses to, and if ours fits in too. We have identified the connection between the audience and the production as in serials there are various use of slang, this is so audiences can engage as they use this term of language which therefore builds some sort of connection. But if for example, Eastenders E20 had formal language the audience wouldn't be able to stay connected so this is another vital element. Understanding this has helped us into our ideas, as we are aiming more at teen females then men as they like drama, suspense and that type of love story. Because we feel as it's Pre watershed we cannot use 'drugs, swearing, violence' and this would attain young teenage men attention as this is what the society is depicted of today. But having a 'confused love story, with suspense' would attain the females attention, as if you look at twilight mostly the target audience is females. We need to undertake research in number of areas that allow us to approach our production in a knowledgeable way. Were going to demonstrate the outcomes of our research in the planning of our productions.

We need to consider all these as this would influence the way we make our media language choices;

• Genre codes
• Audience appeal/engagement
• Common representational conventions 
• Institutional issues
• Narrative devices used
• Ideological positioning 

We need to acknowledge codes and conventions of the forms. Like for example, 'Conventional opening sequences for dramas tend to contain vital narrative information having where, when, what and who.' This is something in which we have considered as where being the location, the setting in which the character is in. When being what time during the day it could be night time or day time depending on the scene. What could be what is happening or taking place and who is the person. Something of this sort, which we need to take on board. We also need to think about how we convey a message to the audience, will they learn something from this? Or is it something which will be left for them to decide?

Planning

Broadcast consists of having:

• Storyboards, scripts and shooting scripts
• Details of location, costume, mise-en-scene etc.
• Plan for post production effects, inter-titles-which is a printed narration or a portion of dialogue flashed on the screen between the scenes of a silent film.

Evidence of Research and Planning in Productions
At the end of this our form and genre codes should be recognisable. We need to offer something that has been an encouragement by our product that we have produced. Our target audience needs to be very clear. We need to meet the needs and requirements of our target audience. 

The knowledge in which we have attained from our research should be the starting point for our evaluations. I have to acknowledge the consider of my own work against the knowledge of the way the product is constructed.

These questions can help me in my evaluation:

 Have I replicated form (reproduced) and genre codes successfully?

 Have I used appropriate layout and design codes?

 Did we use house-style appropriately?

 How successful were we in creating products that would be appealing to the 

target audience?

 How well have we fulfilled the functions of the productions?

Examples of Research and Planning Materials

• A ‘statement of intent’ summarising pre-production research and its impact on 

the planning of the productions

• Written evaluations of existing products – focussed on media concepts

• Annotated existing products – focussed on media concepts

• Summaries of findings showing institutional research

• Summaries of findings showing ‘academic’ research

• Justification of the selection of target audience 

• Identification of audience needs/expectations with evidence

• Storyboards that are annotated to show changes and/or reasons for choices

• Scripts that are annotated to show reasons for choices

• Flat plans that identify genre/form codes considering layout and design codes 

and house style conventions

• ‘Before and After’ photographs showing post production manipulation of 

images

• ‘Before and After’ screenshots showing post production work for moving 

image

Productions

We need to use the knowledge and understanding gained from the 

research  to inform the media language choices made in our production. We should use this knowledge but  the higher level marks are rewarded where conventions are not simply replicated but where students also show creativity and flair in the approach. This means having originality and being influenced.  In broadcast work, including and having locations/costume and lighting, or in post production choices can show originality and creativity. Audio work too can use existing codes.

The Evaluation

A good evaluation supports a good production but a weak one impact's on the grade achieved by the student when the marks from both parts of the assessment are combined.  

The evaluation needs to consider my completed work in light of the chosen brief. The production need's be analysed to consider its strengths and weaknesses in terms of fulfilling the stated function of the products, the effectiveness of the media language choices in copying codes and conventions and a consideration of the audience appeal. 

The errors in evaluations are:

 Using the evaluation to describe the process of research. I  should show 

how I am able to use the findings from the research

 Using the evaluation to describe the production process. I should analyse the productions not the act of producing. There is no benefit for me in retelling tales from the production process nor identifying software/technical issues

 Using the evaluation to describe the products myself. Description of the 

products is redundant. I need to identify key media language choices 

made in production and explain why these choices were made and/or what effect 

they have. Analysis of the products need's to link to media concepts and/or 

Broadcasting Task
This broadcasting task use a documentary, interview or montage style to present 
information to the audience. Bands/artists use promotional videos on their 
websites or on YouTube and so research into the many approaches to this form 
should be undertaken first. Certain musical genres tend to have a visual style. This can be replicated in the video and the genre may dictate whether live music needs to feature or whether a serious or humorous approach is appropriate. We can use pre-recorded music if we want to if copyright free material is not available.

Research could investigate how themes, characters and locations are identified early 
in a broadcast. Showtime dramas use a range of methods. For example, Game 
of Thrones travels across a map of the fantasy world the audience will find 
themselves immersed in whilst Dexter uses a montage of familiar domestic images 
(cooking breakfast, getting dressed etc.) in extreme close-up, destabilising the 
familiar and tying it into the violence of the story-lines to follow.   

Our production needs to  consider mise-en-scene, lighting, costume and location as part of the planning process. If we use a variety of camera shots in the work tend to make more interesting moving image work. Post production effects may be appropriate and the use of the camera and editing software allows marks to be awarded for technical ability. In the evaluation we should be prepared to talk about the reasoning behind their media language choices. And consider the choices in light of the requirements of the brief/task.

 Mark Scheme:

The candidate demonstrates creativity and clear technical proficiency in the use of the chosen technologies (AO3). The candidate also demonstrates sophisticated understanding of the necessities and details of the production process (AO3). Codes and conventions have been used appropriately and with some flair throughout (AO3). The productions are clearly fit for purpose in the light of the candidate’s research (AO4).

At the top of this level work will demonstrate considerable attention to detail and a genuine sense of engagement with both the chosen media and the subject matter.

Progress 17/12

So far I have researched the E4 Institution from this I have understood about socio demographics of the audience E4 fit's into, this was beneficial for me as I could share this with my group. Talking about how this will be able to help us, as it would impact on our video because we need to be fully aware of what kind of audience the programme relate too. And how can we therefore make our production to fit their needs. Everyone in my group, have taken on different channels which we think links to teenagers. This is consisted of Channel 4, E entertainment and BBC three and E4. We have learnt and taken into consideration different ideas, and learnt that the audience is very similar. So we have the knowledge of the teen-audience as researching the institutions.

Aim for further knowledge of target audience: As a group we want to make our own questions for example what kind of teen genre series are you interested in? And ask a wide range of students at green ford high school, to make it fair and more reliable. This will help us more, as we will be able to take on board more idea's which can fit our target audience and we will therefore be able to adapt on them.

Another research and planning I have been doing is taking photographs, location is a vital element in our video as if the locations aren't correct it will confuse the audience. Moreover me being a teenager and finding out from diverse institutions teens are more likely to engage of the location is good. For an example if someone's doing drugs or something like that it wouldn't be right if he was doing it in a park on a sunny day where kids are around, having it in an alley way were it's dark makes more sense as the audience would understand engage and be interested in it. That's why I feel like it's important to take this into consideration, and start of by taking pictures of which I think may be valid later on in our video.

Aim for photography/location: My aim is too continuously take photographs of diverse locations, suns, backgrounds anything which I feel will be valid and in line with our clip. As it'd be easier for when shooting because as a group we'd know and I'd know where we can shoot it, and so forth and as well as me being the leader of locations it's important to get it right and easier if I start now by taking photographs.


WWW: we all have great diverse ideas that could be involved in our final production. Doing a lot of research and planning and continuing to do this we have found interesting locations which would be useful for us in the final production.

EBI: we continue on doing detailed research and we have to complete our task set by Sir and we will do this by having another group discussion and setting an action plan and deadline.

E4 Institution

E4 is a British T.V channel, which was launched as a pay-TV with channel 4. 'E' stands for entertainment, and it's aimed at 15-35year olds. Their is aim to provide a cutting edge for young audiences.They aim at young audiences by making sure they remain engaged and they want to entertain a young and discerning audience by having good quality drama, comedy, features and having diverse entertainment formats. They've gained a very strong reputation by show casting american series for young audiences. The programme is on freeview, sky, DSAT and cable also having it in HD would increase the audience to watch it as it's accessible. 

The programme features series such as inbetweeners and Misfits which are both written by older writers who are influence by youthful voices using today's slang. This engages with audiences as it would attract them, and the dialogue isn't strained at therefore is aimed at these type of audiences. From the socio demographics category it would therefore be aimed at  C/D/E as  unemployed, students could relate to most of the episodes being show castes  As it's mostly depicted stereotypically allowing the audience to engage further, also being the same age group too will allow them to relate to some situations etc.

Characters in Skins, Misfits and The Inbetweeners are morally good, and are lovable. Like teenagers now a days. There's a balance which E4 is being able to meet as the character's don't sound exaggerated and crude. This captures the audiences mind and would get the audience too believe the show is actually for them.

Pre-watershed is before 9 pm showing and has no swearing or nudity so young viewers aren't able to see it as they are viewed to be in bed by then. The scheduling before 9 pm are shown below, their are a lot of repeats but what is noticeable is that for an example their are two repeats of 'The Big Bang Theory' and then a new episode later on. This gives a chance for audiences who haven't had the time to watch it, mostly who have busy lifestyles aimed at audiences above 20 years old. So they can just tune in the evening whilst they are relaxing, and are able to watch their show without any problems.

• 6:00pm The Big Bang Theory- This is a repeat show
• 6:30pm The Big Bang Theory- Another repeat being shown
• 7:00pm Hollyoaks 
• 7:30pm How I met your mother- A repeat show
• 8:00pm How I met your mother- Repeat
• 8:30pm The bing bang theory

Skins and Misfits have time and budget. As E4 can fill most of its schedule with repeats and therefore are able to concentrate on the home-made hits. However, it's beneficial to have a few very good shows than all shows just doing 'okay.'  E4's episodes are funny, sad and believable. Which would want the audience to watch it as they can perhaps relate to a few things, or see it as banter (comedy) and just unwind and relax.  

E4 viewers demographics are;

• Under 18-  63%
• 18-24- 29%
• 25-34- 5%
• 35-44- 2%
• 45-54- 1%
• 55+ 0%

Female 59%

Male 41%

As we need to complete a Pre-Watershed opening 2-Minute programme we need to create an affective one, looking at this shows how we need to target at under 18's and take on board what they want in which they will be able to engage in. Also as it is Females who are most likely watching it, we could have something that relates to them as they are most likely interested in drama, emotional and believable series which would get them interested.

Mest 2: Research & Planning Pictures

This is a picture I have taken during the day. As you can see there is areas of low-key lighting as as there are a lot of shadows at the bottom. As I have edited it so the camera is focusing on the brightness and the sun itself. This represents happiness, beauty, appreciation and love. We can use this in our clip when filming the sun as it connotes these things when the scenes are in line with that. Moreover we were planning on showing a clear binary opposition of rich/poor or middle-class the demographics category wouldn't really fit audiences who are E, D. As it's the sun which symbolises art and happiness, and they'd be stereotypically interested in urban/drugs/smoking as they are unemployed. But as a lot of teenagers are unemployed due to recession and the way they have been brought up. Hence this would target c/b as people who are studying art, educated would have that kind of mind frame and stereotypically appreciate these type of things.

There may be areas which would involve areas in where character is getting up in the morning and they would look outside the window and the weather would clearly be viewed. So by having the sun shown it would engage with the audience as they can see what the character is looking at. This would clearly show point of view and they can also, appreciate life and nature as we would be showing it in a beautiful way. Also it would bring out that characters personality more as, we can see firstly she's very happy as she is looking at life in a different aspect and learning to appreciate it. Also this would influence our target audience which are teens as this is something inspirational too look at. Moreover locations have a big impact in programmes as I have considered different ones and I personally am engaged by where its taken place, as it looks very effective and amazing which would be attentive towards the audience and draw them closer allowing them to gaze.

I took this picture at 6 in the morning, as you can see the sun is rising whilst the moon is still their. And this is low-key lighting as their are a lot of shadows. We could use a similar location as it does look appealing and engaging representing the new start of the day, the sun is about to rise and it would keep the audience engaged due to the weather colours. The natural lighting of the sky is powerful which connotes the scene to be more powerful too as it's already attained the audiences attention. Moreover the sun slowly rising and eventually going to shine could indicate a love scene being going on. As this is what stereotypically happens putting the audience in that kind of mood having the setting as a correct atmosphere. This could benefit us a lot as we could shoot some amazing shot's for our act if were doing teen romantic drama.

Ill Manors - Film Research

1. Directed by: Ben Drew- A music producer who made the film Ill Manors and then made the album and the sound track that was in line with the film.Producer: Atif Ghani Distributor: Revolver - Revolver is a entertainment industry, a marketing-lead, all rights film distribution company, they also distributed successful films such as "Anuvahood" and "Kidaulthood". Studio: Film London - The capital 's film and media agency. Making London a major international film making and film culture capital; BBC Films - featured film making arm of the BBC and produced or co-produced some of the most successful films such as "Fish Tank"

2. £100,000

3. The BBC Film company normally on a average give around £4 million to the films they produce. Meaning the rest of the films money came from the directer Ben Drew also known as 'Plan B.' In order to complete the film's post production the distribution rights were sold to Revolver Entertainment.

4. The psychographics of this film would be targeted at struggler as they do feel alienated from society and can't really do much. Also, reformers as they wan't freedom of restrictions. Lastly, the demographics for this film would be people in the categories D/E groups, young teens-young adults, people who are unemployed or students who don't have secular jobs because they'd either be under full time education. Also categories such as A/B may want to see how teenagers are like as it's very stereotypically based.

 5. The main distributors are Revolver Entertainment.

6. Plan B used his singing career to promote the film by promoting his music album and sound track that was made after the film was made. Also, by doing live concerts and performances of the songs from the film and album. He then had a album launch party, the location also helped promote the film as it was set in a underground car park and Labrinth said "it's like a dungeon, but it works with the Ill Manors concept".

 7. I'm going to be comparing this film to Taken. This was a very successful action/thriller film with the budget of $25 million and made $226,830,568 in the box office. The similarities are that they both contain violence, and relates to true life experience as Taken conveys the danger of human trafficking where as on the other hand Ill Manors highlights the daily lives of individuals who have been brought up in deprived areas since birth. Enigma codes are used to intrigue the audiences. The differences is that the film Taken features famous actors/actresses who are well known to the industry which would inspire the audience to watch it, where as Ill Manors features new aspired actors/actresses. This is effective as it would create a more so real atmosphere, and the audience will likely be able to engage more. Ill Manors budgeting cost is lower compared to Taken, therefore Taken is better equipped and have invested in more in terms of making the film. Ill Manors contains sexual scenes, more violence, swearing and drug taking. 

8. The trailer for ill manors promotes the film and appeals to the age demographic aimed at by this film 15 - 25 year old. This is done through the use of a music video as teenagers are more likely to watch music videos therefore getting a point across in a music video is a effective way of communicating to this type of demographic.

9.The trailer for ill manors shows diverse characters as well as different scenes. This therefore represents the amount of different story lines in the film and the fact that they all link and cross in one way or another. Also the use of different spectacles in the trailer therefore hooks an audience. Moreover it uses effectual non- digetic music to attain the target audience. 

10. Difference between an 18 certificate to a 15 certificate is that a 15 certificate includes such things as strong language, a lot of scene consisting of violence, strong indications of sexual content as well as sexual scenes, discrimination, regular use of drugs and nudity. 
A 18 certificate however is similar but with more of certain specific topics. It includes such things as extreme strong language and regularity of swear words. A vast use of sexual language as well as sexual intercourse,  blood and gore and much references to discriminatory language and ethnicities. That's why it's 18 as it's for a maturer audience that expect to view such things, and would therefore be unlikely to take offence as they themselves are watching it.

Potential Genre Ideas

Teen Comedy

Comedy is a genre which the main emphasise on humour. Films in this time usually have a happy ending. Comedy focuses on the characters, as they are expecting to be entertained thoroughly through the beginning till the end. Teen comedy consist of light hearted stories with intentions to amuse, political or social commentary. 

Teen comedy consists of

• Coming of age
• Rebellion
• First Loves 
• Conflict with parents or teachers
• Teen angst 
• Alienation

Examples could include; 

• Setting the film in a school to relate to teenagers. Using stereotypical characters such as geeks, misbehaving students
• Use everyday situations, arguing with teachers and answering back in a funny way 'Joker of the class'
• Try to appeal to the teenagers. Example voice over could be use when a teen is thinking about something as this could be an element in where the audience engages
• Crazy funny romance involved of how stereotypically boys treats girls.

      We could include gender conventions like Shakespearian times, when a man dresses up as a women and then acts like a man, which confuses the audience but also makes them laugh due to the character looking funny, also we could also make the actors portray buffoonery behaviour, by tripping over items or wearing larger clothing than they should or smaller. Can introduce different types of characters through their personalities for example; if a girl isrunning away from a theft she's done there would be a low-angle of her legs as we can instantly see the style of clothing she's wearing, how fast she's running etc.

Teen family

      Bright colours, key lighting, filter lighting

      Costume, bright colours

      Binary opposition of colours between rich and poor

     Introduction of all characters, showing what they are symbolic to.

 Family film is a genre that is contains appropriate content for younger viewers. Family film aims to appeal not only to children, but to a wide range of ages. While the storyline may appeal to a younger audience, there are components of the film that are geared towards adults- such as witty jokes and humour. This genre may fall into many other genres, including comedy, adventure, fantasy, and animated film. This includes dramas such as Britain's got talent which is suitable for young kids to watch and family’s. 

 It is drama that is designed to appeal to a variety of age groups and, thus, families. Family films generally do not contain content that would be deemed unsuitable for children. As a group we will be using good costume which Is bright colours as it would attract children to watch it. It will also contain binary opposition of colour between the rich and the poor showing different societies and the contrast between them. Firstly we will introduce all the characters in a way which keeps the audience engaged and entertained and showing what the characters are symbolic to.

·     There are also many different films that are family genres such as home alone, ice age, hotel of dogs etc. We will be watching these films and getting different ideas to include in our production. As it consists of different locations, and what is suitable for the family in a whole which excludes swearing and just fit for the family members to view. 

       

       Action

•          Dark lighting

•          Fast lighting movement

•          Showing the characters

Action film is a genre where one or more heroes is thrust into a series of challenges which

require physically movement The narrative and character development depend on the explosions, fist fights, gun play and car chase. The action genre is popular amongst men as they include many stunts, weapons and this keeps the audience engaged as they have something to look at, these are things that need to be noticed. The Action of the film is what you see and remember about a movie, it dramatizes the whole film, the action could change everything, so if it is a happy romantic love scene and someone comes in with a gun, action would occur and it would change the whole mood and atmosphere of the movie.

 This genre would be for men aged 16+ this is because this is the age when men are a bit more mature and they understand violence isn't the way forward, so they won't try it themselves, as there brains have developed. There are many different types of Action genres such as The dark knight rises,Transformers, The terminator, The matrix and so on these movies will help us get an idea of what type of programme we wish to produce. However, as it is a before for an E4 before 9 programme we have to be careful of what we produce if there is any action in it, as gun play wouldn't be appropriate for this, as sometimes it could lead to swearing and that wouldn't fit in with our production work.

Horror:
Horror is a film genre that many audiences love and hate. The genre aims to scare the audience through violence and gore. Iconography is a big part of horror films (and any other genres of film).

· Dark low key light to create shadows
· Dark colour
· Introduce characters in the first episode
· 180 degree shot
· Survivors
· Explorer’s

Thriller:
· Colorful colour to show the characters
· Introduction of the characters
· Areas of low-key lighting to show intense and get the audience engaged into it
· Use medium sense of thrills
· More action work, to show the genre more effective
· Cinematography used

ROLES&RESPONSIBILITIES

Leader & Director/ Makes sure every ones consistent through work/Script:  Rashmi

Costume & Make-up & Props/Producer:  Ashwaria

Editor & Cinematography: Mandeep

Actor/Location supervisor/Consistent of time/Makes plans for when to meet. : Dupinder

MEST 2 Creating Media: Research and Planning

WATERLOO ROAD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXLLKMpAYg0&feature=g-hist

In the beginning of the two-minute-opening sequence the audience are encouraged to gaze at the character (woman). This is done by having an over-the-shoulder shot, whilst this is happening their is a medium-shot which is useful as we are able to see her facial expressions and body language at the same time. The way in which she is standing and the use of her body language connotes, that she has higher authority over the person she is talking to. Because she is standing up whilst he is sitting down, which connotes that she's taking control over the conversation more representing her as having a higher position than him. When the character (man) finished speaking to her he left opening the door and going out, whilst this happened a Match on action took place which was effective as for a moment we as the audience was in his point of view as we were seeing what he was seeing whilst he was opening the door. When this match on action takes place their is a medium-shot of the character which is effectual, as the audience are able to identify how he's feeling through his facial expressions and body language thus keeping the audience engaged as we are allowed to know how he's feeling.

Their is a range of shot/reverse shots as their is a lot of dialogue so it's important to have different types of shot as it keeps the audience engaged and sutured. Their is also a point when the 180 degree rule is broken as the father is speaking to his dad, this is perhaps done to confuse the audience and make them think what the outcome may be towards their conversation and that their not privledged in knowing it, which creates enigma codes as it leaves suspense. Therefore, to an extent breaking the 180 degree rule can also question the audience, as the cinematography is linked to the emotions the audience are expected to feel in a certain way. While the characters are conversing their is a medium-shot used, this is done to view their facial-expressions clearly and audience feel more engaged with them as we are understanding them more as a character which is beneficial. At the end of the two minute clip we see a long-shot of the school-kids, they are represented in a stereotypical way, what the audience are expected to see from them. As we are seeing their body language, which connotes several things how they dress, attitude, walking and style. We can also see the location which their in which is the school, as this reminds the audience we are in the setting. 

The lighting throughout the clip is key-lighting (most influential) this is effectual as it represents and depicts the programme of today's society, students and teachers in both positive and negative ways. Using this connotes the realness of the series, as filter lights are not used in here and low-key lighting. Which are usually used in areas that are non-factual or fiction based, we can therefore see that they are trying to in a sense convey a message to the audience. Moreover the key-lighting doesn't require adjustment for each of the different scenes which allows the production to complete the shooting in hours instead of days/months. However the drawback for this is that the use of key-lighting fails to add drama or meaning. So the directors have to take in consideration, that the facial-expressions and acting have to be more so important as they want to represent the series as 'reality.' The target audience can be a wide range of teachers as they would want to know how people think unsuccessful school's run and how a school is represented stereotypically. But with teenagers it could be the ones who attend and don't attend schools, as it is stereotypically showing bad guys and girls, good ones it has a wide range that would appeal to the audience. 

How I can take this into consideration? 
Depending on the ideas we will go with, if we go with the reality teen programme then their will be areas of key-lighting as it will make it more realistic. However because we went the audience to engage with our show, we prefer using low-key lighting to emphasise on the character and thus can affect the emotion on the audience. If we are doing a mysterious scene, and want to confuse our audience we can do things like break the 180 degree rule as it would impact more on the sense of confusion the audience will be feeling.

PRETTY LITTLE LIARS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRb13xhKuXM&feature=g-hist

In the first scene their is a long-shot taking place whilst the characters are conversing, this is suitable as we can see the body- language of the diverse characters and their way of reaction. Also, the way they dress can impact the audience too as it brings out their personality from their character too. There is an area of shot/reverse shots as from the long-shot it goes to medium-shot of one of the characters whilst talking, and then when the other character is answering back their consists of an medium-shot of her this is used as the audience can tell her reaction towards her body-language 'getting her arms up.' This shot/reverse shot is consistent when the group of girls are conversing with each other as it keeps the audience engaged, and allows them to know some information. The 180 degree rule is also broken the reason being is, the subject their talking about is confusing as they are debating and questioning each other no one really knows the truth. Furthermore, as they are feeling a sense of tension and confusion they want to place the audience in the exact same position so by breaking the 180 degree rule cleverly confuses the audience's minds too.  On top of this a match-on-action takes place when the character opens and comes out this is done effectually however, it happens twice as the group of characters come back in noticing another girl so this is taken twice effectively.

Their is a medium-shot of the other character coming in whilst this is done, the sound becomes higher and higher. As the other group of girls are finding out if she can see or not, when they do they are slowly finding out and the sound is building up too. Finally when they do find out, the music is at it's loudest and we see the instant reaction of the other characters by having a close up of the eye as that is encouraged for the audience to gaze at. The use of sound building up and being loud creates enigma code, as it creates suspense for the audience and engages it with them because they want to find out if she can really see and the music rising helps the audience to get their answer. This is a form of parallel sound as it blends in with the scene, because it creates tension and suspense. At the end of the scene the sound stops with a thoughtful sound, as they have made up a solution but it's still a mysterious type of sound as the audience are not fully aware of their idea, this thus keeps them engaged as it being a cliff hanger to find out what will happen in the next episode. This is also digetic sound as it is in line with the narrative being foretold, and this is the type of sound the audience are expected to hear which is effective. 

The lighting in this clip is Low-key lighting as their are shadows, also because they are confused and are wondering if something is true the lighting goes in line with this as it's a darker atmosphere so all in all it works well together. This is a vital element in creating the chiaroscuro effect, it uses one key light. It's used in horror films etc but this series is seen as a type of film too which makes it more effective as it's a fictional story-line so they want to create that sense towards the audience. There's always problems to solutions in pretty little liars leaving cliff hangers which would want the audience to watch the next one. After this scene is finished, we move on too see an iconography of 'guns and knives' and this is seen as close-up also the camera is panning to the right as the audience see how many of them are their. This foreshadows to the audience as since they've seen this it will be the cause of someone's death  it's vital information that the audience is allowed to know before-hand. Moreover, the audience are privledged to know some information that the characters are not aware of, so they are just keen to know how they will find out and what they will do. The type of teens this programme would be aimed at is females aged 14-17, as it consists of teenagers mainly females who are dealing with their problems and finding out solutions. And this is what girls like as their is love involved too and a lot of cliff hangers. 

How can I take this into consideration?
If we take on board the fact that we want to do something mysterious or a fictional-programme we would definitely go ahead with low-key lighting as it will instantly make everything more effective as it would create shadows. It will also bring out the characters more, as the audience will also be more engaged in the series as it would create more sense of mystery etc. Also, what I have learnt is if their are a group of people talking we can make this effectual through cinematography by having shot/reverse shots to bring out the characters personality more. For example, mid-shot of someone who's really talkative as we can see a lot of their body-language too. 

The clip starts with a low-angle shot of a character's legs this is fetishised as we are encouraged to view it first, and we instantly realise that someone's running. And then their is a medium-shot of the character running while this is happening their is a tracking shot happening as we are allowed to follow the action. This is helpful as the audience are more engaged with the action being taken place, and also were in the characters shoes identification, as it feels like were running with her too away from the other character.  Also while this is happening their is hand-held camera being used, this is useful as the action becomes more 'shaky' and the action looks more so real. Their is also a high-angle shot of the two character's running this is suitable to use as we are able to see the location in which they are in. Also we can identify the two characters more as their is shot/reverse shot been taken place. Then the opening of the series starts and this is different as we'd usually see the opening title sequence begin first but we are allowed to see part of the scene first. The title sequence is linked deeply with the programme and teen audience as their is very fast shots of all of the characters and the sound fits in nicely with it as it's upbeat and their is high base, which the audience would preferably like. 

After the title sequence their is another low-angle shot of a character this time typing something on the computer and then their is a tilt going upwards to identify who the character is. Everyone is sitting down but when they slowly start to get up their is another use of tilt as the camera follows them getting up. Whilst this happens their is use of hand-held camera as they show all the different characters cheering, the camera is panning left-right. This is effectual to use as the audience feel happy too as everyone's cheering and thus brings the vibe. After this scene is finished the other scene begins by having a close-up shot of someone's photo in a room. Symbolising that it's someone else's room, and this may be a foreshadow as it could be significant later on. When the couple are doing their scene their is a hand-held camera again and the sound is upbeat as their is a sense of excitement between the two characters. From the beginning of the clip we saw the two characters running now we see the character finish running as their is a long-shot of her. Their is still hand-held camera being used as it makes it creates more tension and builds suspense for the audience. 

The sound is digetic and parallel in the beginning as the characters are running, building tension and nerves. Their is rocky-type sound also could be depicting the characters personality as she is wearing a bandanna, highlights, a lot of make-up a Goth look. Also it's a strong older man chasing her which goes in line with the sound too as he has a higher-authority over the teenager. When the title-sequence is shown it's a remix version of the original Eastenders making it more appealing to the teen audience making it more fast, upbeat and loud.  When the couple scene starts their is too an upbeat sound as it's representing excitement and fun between the young couple. When the last scene begins their is a lot of tension and suspense involved so the music is in-line with it as it wants the audience to feel nervous too. As their is no rocky-type or upbeat but it's slow and some music involved which allows the audience to engage too.  The lighting used is low-key lighting creating more shadows which makes it look more effectual and brings the sense of mystery and suspense to both the audience and the characters. This would target a wide range of teenagers from those who don't care about themselves to those who are educated but want to know how other teenagers act as they've never experienced it or don't socialise with that type.

What can I take on board from this? 
When we start our different scenes we could use low-angle shots of what the character is doing, for example if she's running we can have a low-angle shot from the legs. This is effectual as using different camera angles to start the scene gets the audience thinking and engages them as cinematography makes everything as a whole effectual and works well. The sound too is important, as the type we choose has to relate to the type of audience we want to broadcast it too as we would like their full attention and this will only be taken place if we take into consideration what type they prefer. Most use of hand-held camera in the series, we could use some areas of hand-held when running to create more action and a shaky effect this too will allow the audience, to be engaged and allow them to feel perhaps what the characters are feeling.  

90210  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZEPb-oab60&feature=g-hist

The series starts of with a previous-showing of the other series for the audience to remember what happened. This is effectual as the audience are privledged to view it as they may of forgotten. Also, while this is being shown their is a lot of fast shots and only show the main scenes the audience need to know. The first scene starts with an establishing shot of the location this is effective as it's a beautiful scenery and a nice scene to be shot of. Their is a long-shot of the couple kissing showing how excited they are to see one another, the camera then goes into a medium-shot of them expressing their love. After the scene their is a mid-shot of the same woman in class, so the audience realise she way day dreaming about the scene. Their is an area of hand-held camera as 'summers school's over' everyone is excited and running so the camera is panning from left-right depicting the excitement. When the students come out their is a tilt showing the different students coming out from lessons, representing instantly that the location is college and everyone has finished. Use of hand-held camera is affective as it broads out the excitement, and we see the titles are being bought up produced by etc. When they are driving in the car their is an effective use of establishing-shot and high angle of the tress and the whole road. This is useful as it's a method of allowing the audience to get engaged through the series, and make them feel happy too. The camera zooms out from one building and zooms in to another as they are travelling, this is beneficial for the audience as they feel they are with them travelling to in a sense. Then their is a establishing shot of the whole city and the sea zooming out in different areas they are going through, which helps the audience feel engaged.

The sound is very effective as in the beginning their is a romantic sound for the romantic scene being placed which makes the sound digetic and parallel. As it's going according to the scene being foretold. As the students are coming out the sound starts of as quiet but get's louder and louder when they come out and are really happy then their is 'woman's vocals' and goes in-line with the sound. This is useful as the audience are already expecting this, and as it's a narrative being shown if it was non-digetic sound it would ruin the series in a way as the audience will be really confused and angry as they wouldn't want that happening in a sense. The lighting too is in-line with the scene being shown as at the start their is low-key lighting being it an intense romantic scene creating shadows and having filter light is effective as it brings that vibe. But then throughout the scene their is key-lighting being placed as it's the most effective since it's a happy start and bringing out a positive attitude having this lighting brings it out more. Because, if they had low-key lighting when showing a very happy scene this would be binary opposition and confuse the audience. Also, it wouldn't look good to as the series is consistent so the lighting takes place depending on the type of scene being shown. The editing is continuous and very fast, commencing a lot of shots this is correctly done as it's a happy scene anyway and showing various of shots engages with the audience. This would appeal to boys and girls who are teenagers as the characters are teens, so they can relate to them as their are a lot of different personalities. And those who like having fun, exploring, doing something exciting and who are interested in relationships/love.

What can I learn from this? 
Locations are just as important then the narrative, actors, props etc. Because we can't have a scene in one location and the others in the same. If we want the audience to continuously be engaged, and watch it with full attention it's useful if we show a nice range of locations. Because locations impact too on the scene we show and showing it through different angles etc make it seem more so real and effective. 

FRIENDS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRLXxbE0i9Q&feature=g-hist

The clip starts of with characters conversing but we can't see one of them as their in the other room so the audience is allowed to only hear the voice. But then the character comes into the scene and their is a long-shot, which is useful as we can see her body-language and facial-expressions as before we weren't able to obviously see her. Their is an area of shot/reverse shot as the characters are constantly moving showing a medium-shot to long-shot continuously. Their is an over-the-shoulder shot too which is effective when one of the characters are speaking as the camera focuses on her using a medium-shot. This is continuous showing a mid-shot of the characters using fast cuts which is effective,as we are able to see who's talking.  Also using medium-shot to do this is helpful as the body-language expresses their character and emotions too which they are expressing. The other scene starts with an establishing shot at night of the location which depicts it is clearly night time now and were moving onto another scene, this is clear to the audience. The camera zooms in towards the outside of the house representing the scene is going to be inside their. Their is a conversation through the phone and their is shot/reverse shot between the two characters having a medium-shot of the two characters so were able to identify their emotions through facial-expressions and body-language. 

Their is no music used in this, but their is a an audience laughing in the scenes when its meant to be funny. This is advantageous as the audience watching when laughing laughs at the right time too. Or according to their personality they may not find it funny so having an audience laugh in their can bring the positive funny outlook towards things. And therefore enlighten the audience. The lighting is key-lighting as it is most brightest influential and brings out the character out more as the audience are able to identify it. Also as it's a comedy show, it wouldn't have low-key lighting because that would depict through a horror/thriller scene. So the lighting is in line with the type of scene it is. The editing is continuous as it smooths out over the discontinuity of the editing and establishes a coherence between the shots which is effective.And thus we were trying to make sense of one shot joining the next one. An example is we saw an exterior shot of the two characters conversing with each other and then we instantly see another shot of a woman on the phone. This depicts that at times the audience can have privledged information and thus notice that it's useful because it can be vital in the next. As the same character was conversing with the woman. Their is an area of fade out when moving on to the next scene, this is affective as the audience are well aware in advance too. And helps them engage into it as it makes it more engaging too. This appeals to teens- young-adults as it's a comedy serial and consists of young-adults acting in the programme. But this could too influence the teens by the way in which they deal with problems and solutions. Also as it's a comedy they wouldn't care with life as much, and wouldn't take into heart what people say. This is beneficial for people like who are shy, as they take in what people say but this shows to keep strong and take it as a joke and move on in a sense. 

Lessons learnt?
When editing we need to make it very clear when were going into the next scene as we don't want to risk confusing the audience, because we won't have their full attention and this won't be a success. So the whole programme in a whole should be clear enough, and all be presented effectively. That's why when filming we need to do it in advance, so we can take a lot of shots because when editing it won't be as hard to do it as we will have a lot of shots to work with which would be beneficial to us. Because we don't have to keep going back, but work with what we already have. This too means being organised as that's important because we don't want to ruin and miss out bits in our production, and want to please our audiences.